教你制作逼真的金屬鉻材質(zhì)

　　翻譯：Purplesun（aboutcg.net）

　　How to create Chrome Material怎樣創(chuàng)建鉻材質(zhì)

　　Chrome is one of the most used materials in the Design field. This material needs only a few *tings to be rendered in an optimal way. You can see many samples of chrome in the design gallery of the Florence Design Academy www.florencedesignacademy.com

　　鉻在設計領域是經(jīng)常被用到的材質(zhì)之一，使用優(yōu)化的方法你只需要做很少的設置就可以表現(xiàn)出這種材質(zhì)質(zhì)感，你可以在Florence Design Academy的設計畫廊里面看到很多使用的鉻材質(zhì)的例子。Florence Design Academy的地址是www.florencedesignacademy.com

　　Let’s begin我們開始:

　　1.) You need a dark gray diffuse color (for a perfect mirror it should be black, but often a dark grey color has a better effect on chrome).

　　1.)你需要一個深灰色的漫反射顏色（如果是表現(xiàn)完美的鏡像效果使用黑色會比較好，但在表現(xiàn)鉻材質(zhì)的時候最好還是使用深灰色）

　　2.) Now go to add glossiness and specular level (there are no fixed values, the correct effect is strongly depending by the light that you create. You can begin with the value 40 in both slots).

　　2.)現(xiàn)在添加光澤度和高光級別（沒有固定不變的參數(shù)，正確的效果很大程度上取決于你創(chuàng)建的燈光，你可以把兩個參數(shù)都設置為40作為初始值）

　　3.) Go to maps and assign to the REFLECTION map “RAYTRACE”. This will allow you to

　　have REAL reflections of other objects in the scene on this material. The value in the reflection slot should be between 85 and 100 (a mirror must have 100).

　　Very often you need to have a environment which reflects on your object to achieve a good rendering. A good reflection will give a touch of realism to your object and will describe better organic shapes. But what if we don’t have any other object in the scene that can reflect on our model?

　　3.)在貼圖卷展覽為反射貼圖通道賦予一張“光線追蹤”貼圖。這樣可以讓你的材質(zhì)獲得真正的能夠反射場景里面 其他物體的功能。反射強度設置在85到100之間（完全鏡像是100）。通常為了獲得較好的渲染效果，你需要為物體添加一個環(huán)境來獲得較好的反射效果。好 的反射會為你的物體帶來真實感并且能夠較好的表現(xiàn)形體的輪廓。但是假如在場景里面我們沒有任何可以反射到你的物體上的東西應該怎么辦呢？

　　We will use a FAKE reflection. This kind of technique simulates to have a environment reflected on surfaces which in reality does not exist in your scene. In fact we will use a simple image to create a Fake reflection.

　　我們將使用模擬的反射效果，這種方法假裝使用了一個在場景里面并不是真正存在的反射環(huán)境，實際上我們將使用一張簡單的圖片來創(chuàng)建這種假的反射效果。

　　After you have insert RAYTRACE in the reflection map you will see that the material editor is showing new *tings. This are the *tings of the raytrace panel (on the right side of the material editor you can see written RAYTRACE instead of standard). Like on the image below go to assign to the NONE button in BACKGROUND a BITMAP.

　　當你為反射貼圖通道添加了光線追蹤貼圖后，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)材質(zhì)編輯器顯示出新的設置。這是光線追蹤的設置面板（在材質(zhì)編輯器的右邊你會發(fā)現(xiàn)光線追蹤的名字已經(jīng)替換掉了原來的標準材質(zhì)）。在背景欄的NONE按鈕上添加一張位圖。

　　After this step you will see that the material editor is showing you the *tings of the Bitmap panel. Normally you must reduce the output amount of the fake reflection (this is the *ting which will make more or less visible the image that you choose as fake reflection). To make the image “l(fā)ess visible” you must go to “Output” where in the “output amount” slot you must put a value which is a little bit smaller than 1 (for example 0,7). Normally the standard number 1 is too high as value.

　　經(jīng)過上一步操作后，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在材質(zhì)編輯已經(jīng)顯示為位圖紋理的屬性面板，通常你需要降低輸出數(shù)量的值（這個設置會使你的模擬的反射效果增強或者減弱）為了讓反射不那么明顯，你必須在輸出欄的輸出數(shù)值欄輸入一個小于1的數(shù)值（如0.7）.通常1這個值太高了點。

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　　Pictures used as fake reflection for the rendering shown below

　　下面這兩張圖片就是用來作為模擬反射的。

　　In this way you can obtain really very good reflection effects. Here below you can see a sample. On this image you can see the reflection of the gray environment + 2 white boxes + the fake reflection

　　使用這種方法你可以獲得很好的反射效果。下面你可以看到渲染的效果。這張圖片你可以看到作為反射的灰色環(huán)境和兩個白色的盒子以及模擬的反射。

　　Tip1: Remember that with Mental Ray the fake reflection is NOT visible in the material slot as preview. You must make a test rendering to see the result.

　　提示1：記得如果使用Mental Ray渲染器來模擬反射的話，模擬反射在材質(zhì)編輯器里面是不能被預覽的，你必須測試渲染一下才能看到結(jié)果。

　　Tip 2: There are many ways to create Chrome. Another way to create Chrome is trough a RAYTRACE material (change standard with RAYTRACE in a new material slot). But the result is the same as in the standard material.

　　提示2：有很多的方法可以模擬鉻材質(zhì)，另外一種方法就是使用光線追蹤材質(zhì)（改變標準材質(zhì)為光線追蹤材質(zhì)）單效果和使用標準材質(zhì)是一樣的。

　　Tip 3: A HDRI image can also used as a fake reflection. HDRI renderings will be explained in other Florence Design Academy tutorials or lessons.

　　提示3：使用HDRI圖片也可以用來模擬反射環(huán)境，HDRI渲染將在另外一個Florence Design Academy得教學里面講到。

　　Tip 4: If you want exclude an object * reflection: go to the chrome material, * raytrace that you have in the reflection maps slot. Click on the button LOCAL EXCLUDE. Now just * the objects that must be excluded * the reflection of the chrome material. This will make the *ed object invisible in the Chrome material.

　　提示4：如果你想把一個物體排除在反射環(huán)境以外，在鉻材質(zhì)的屬性面板里，選擇連接到反射貼圖上的光線追蹤貼圖，點擊本地排除按鈕，現(xiàn)在只需要選擇需要排除的物體，這樣選擇的物體在反射的時候?qū)⒉豢梢姟?/STRONG>